The existing problems of racial discrimination in the United States have not been eased, but racial relations continue to worsen. Social antagonism has been intensified and racial conflicts frequently occurred.

IV. Rich-Poor Divide Continues Widening

国务院新闻办公室24日发表《2017年美国的人权纪录》，全文如下：

Foreword

导言

Minority groups have lower employment rate and are paid less. According to a report by the website of Los Angeles Times on September 15, 2017, since the Labor Department began keeping track of unemployment by race in the early 1970s, the black unemployment rate is nearly double the white unemployment rate. In 1979, the average black man in America earned 80 percent as much per hour as the average white man. By 2016, that shortfall had worsened to 70 percent, according to research from the San Francisco Fed (, September 5, 2017). A report by the website of USA Today on December 16, 2017, said that nationwide, the typical black household earns just 61 percent of the money that the typical white household earns. In Erie, Pennsylvania, the unemployment rate for white people is four percent, while that for black people is up to 24.6 percent. The median income for black people is only 43.2 percent of that for white people. A report by the website of USA Today on October 3, 2017, said that representation of all minority groups is declining in technology companies. According to a report released on March 29, 2017, by a San Francisco-based HR tech company, black people make up only two to three percent of the white-collar workforce — significantly less than their total workforce participation rate of 12 percent. Only about 5 percent of Hispanic workforce contributes to white-collar jobs (, March 31, 2017).

警察暴力执法引发广泛抗议。2017年2月22日晚，数百人走上加利福尼亚州阿纳海姆市街头，抗议一天前一名不当值的洛杉矶警员在与几名青少年的争执中开枪。警方逮捕了23名抗议者。（注9）9月15日晚，因枪杀非洲裔男性的前白人警察杰森·斯托克利当日被无罪释放，圣路易斯市发生了严重的暴力抗议事件，32名示威者被捕。抗议者表示，“一次又一次，非洲裔美国人被警察杀害，但没有人对此承担责任。”（注10）

（注40）美国疾病控制和预防中心网站（https://www.cdc.gov）。

State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China 

暴力犯罪居高不下。美国联邦调查局2017年9月发布的《2016年美国犯罪报告》显示，2016年美国共发生暴力犯罪约120万起，较2015年增加4.1%；平均每十万居民中发生386.3起，较2015年增长3.4%。与2015年相比，严重暴力伤害案增加5.1%，谋杀案增加8.6%，强奸案增加4.9%。（注1）

U.S. police abused their law enforcement power. According to statistics released by the FBI, law enforcement made an estimated 10,662,252 arrests nationwide in 2016. (Note: the UCR Program does not collect data on citations for traffic violations.) The arrest rate for the United States in 2016 was 3,298.5 arrests per 100,000 inhabitants (ucr.fbi.gov, September 2017). According to The Washington Post's Fatal Force database, 987 people were shot by police in 2017. The Washington Post reported on July 26, 2017, that American police shot and killed a man while trying to serve a warrant at the wrong house. The man didn't have a warrant out for his arrest or a criminal record. Statistics released by Pew Research Center on January 11, 2017, showed that since 2015, almost 500 blacks had been fatally shot by police (, January 11, 2017). Huffington post reported on November 7, 2017, that two American detectives Eddie Martins, 37, and Richard Hall, 33, were arrested on charges including raping a woman in a police van in New York after finding her in possession of marijuana and anti-anxiety pills.

四、贫富分化现象持续恶化

-- In August 2017, some white supremacists rallied in Charlottesville, chanting Nazi slogans in the "largest hate gathering in decades".

（注5） 英国广播公司网站（），2017年10月2日。

Money politics made inequality worse. The Financial Times website said on July 15, 2017 that the U.S. political system has been so warped by big money. According to Federal Election Commission data, dozens of political action committees collected tens of millions of dollars in the first season of 2017. Individual donors contributed 236.4 million U.S. dollars to political action committees and related political entities, roughly 30 percent more than the recorded contribution during the same span following the 2012 presidential election (, May 8, 2017). The website of the Center for Responsive Politics on December 27, 2017, presented data which showed the lobbying spending in 2017 was the highest in the past five years (, December 27, 2017). The New York Times website said in its commentary on September 20, 2017 that "American democracy is drowning in money". The money politics has made American economic policies over the last 40 years "strongly reflect the preferences of the most affluent, but bear virtually no relationship to the preferences of poor or middle-income Americans."

医疗保障问题重重。联合国人权理事会极端贫困和人权问题特别报告员菲利普·奥尔斯顿在其报告中指出，美国与同等发展水平国家之间的“健康差距”继续拉大，其国民预期寿命更短，更容易得病身亡。（注41）英国《卫报》网站2017年12月15日报道，美国的医疗费用和医疗保险越来越贵，尤其是慢性疾病的治疗费用，从哮喘到癌症的药物价格不断创出历史新高。皮尤研究中心2017年12月14日发布的调查报告显示，自2015年以来，对政府保障医疗服务的正面评价下降了20%。（注42）

五、特定群体遭受歧视和人身侵犯

Violent crime was on the rise in the United States, the government exercised no effective control over guns which caused continuous growth of gun incidents, power abuse by American police sparked mass protests, and government surveillance infringed individual privacy. As a result, civil rights of the American people, especially the right to life and freedom, were seriously threatened.

导言

（注49）美国城市研究所网站（），2017年3月6日。

Racist hate crimes hit record high in recent years. According to a new statistical report released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on November 13, 2017, a total of 6,121 hate crimes in the United States were reported to the FBI in 2016, to a point not seen in recent history. In the days after the November 2016 presidential election, an increase in racist slogans and hateful messages was reported, especially in schools. The Southern Poverty Law Center found 867 cases of hateful harassment or intimidation in the 10 days after the election (edition.cnn.com, November 13, 2017). According to a report by the website of Al Jazeera on June 10, 2017, white man Adam Purinton, 52, was accused of shouting "get out of my country" as he shot dead one Indian man and injured another at a bar in Kansas. According to the website of New York Post on October 31, 2017, in the summer of 2016, police arrested three men who smashed more than 40 headstones and spray-painted racial slurs and offensive phrases on many headstones that had Asian names on them at a Queens cemetery.

（注35）英国《卫报》网站（https://www.theguardian.com），2017年12月15日。

（注33）斯坦福大学贫困与不平等研究中心网站（https://inequality.stanford.edu）。

（注47）美国联邦调查局网站（https://ucr.fbi.gov）。

（注51）美国联邦调查局网站（https://ucr.fbi.gov）。

Foreword

（注55）《经济时报》网站（https://economictimes.indiatimes.com），2017年4月11日。

（注2） 皮尤社会趋势网站（），2017年6月22日。

（注10） 美国广播公司网站（），2017年9月16日。